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Lipalo-palo tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello 2021

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Mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello le tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi a ama 13% ea baahi ba lefatše. Palo eo e ka eketseha ha batho ba lefats'e ka bophara ba lula le ho tloaela maemo a macha a tloaelehileng hara seoa sa coronavirus. Phuputsong ea rona ea naha ka bophelo bo botle ba kelello le coronavirus , re fumane hore seoa sa COVID-19 se amme bophelo bo botle ba kelello ba batho ba 59% ba United States. Ho tlosa sekhobo se amanang le bokuli ba kelello ho bohlokoa ho feta neng kapa neng. Lipalo-palo tse latelang tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello li bontša boholo le litlamorao tsa bokuli ba kelello.

Boloetse ba kelello ke eng?

Boloetse ba kelello bo na le mekhahlelo e 'meli — e nang le bokuli bofe kapa bofe ba kelello (AMI) le ba nang le bokuli bo tebileng ba kelello (SMI) , leha tsena li sa tšoane.

AMI e hlalosoa ke Ts'ebeliso e Mpe ea Tlhekefetso ea Lithethefatsi le Mental Health Services Association (SAMHSA) e na le bothata bofe kapa bofe ba kelello, maikutlo kapa boits'oaro bo fihletseng tekanyetso ea Diagnostic and Statistical of Mental Disorders, khatiso ea 4 (DSM-IV). Motho ea nang le AMI o hlalosoa a e-na le SMI ke SAMHSA haeba lefu la hae le kena-kenana kapa le beha moeli ketsahalong e le 'ngoe kapa tse kholo tsa bophelo.

Maemo a mang a bophelo bo botle ba kelello a kenyelletsa:

Matšoenyeho: Mathata a ho tšoenyeha a tšoauoa ka ho lula u tšoenyehile, tšabo le khatello ea maikutlo tse sitisang bophelo ba motho ba letsatsi le letsatsi.
Ho tepella maikutlo: Ho lula re le maikutlo a tlase, mokhathala le ho hlonama ho tebileng ke matšoao a hlahelletseng a khatello e kholo ea maikutlo.
Mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi: Ts'ebeliso ea joala khafetsa le / kapa lithethefatsi tse sitisang boitšoaro ba motho bophelong ba letsatsi le letsatsi.
Bothata ba ho ferekana kelellong: Bothata ba ho ferekana kelellong bo na le liphetoho tse fetelletseng maikutlong a sithabetsang kapa a tlase le maikutlo a phahameng a mamello a ka bang libeke tse telele.
Bofutsana: Schizophrenia ke lefu le sa foleng le le matla la kelello le amang maikutlo, maikutlo le boitšoaro ba motho
Mathata a ho ja: Mathata a amanang le ho ja ke mafu a amang kamano ea motho le lijo le 'mele.
Boloetse ba Obsessive-compulsive (OCD): OCD ke lefu la matšoenyeho le sa foleng, le tšoarellang nako e telele moo motho a bang le menahano e sa utloahaleng, e sa laoleheng, e pheta-phetoang e lateloang ke boits'oaro ba boitšoaro.
Khatello ea kelello e ferekanyang kelello (PTSD): PTSD ke boloetse boo e hlaha ho ba bang ba kileng ba hlaheloa ke ketsahalo e tšosang kapa e kotsi 'me ba thatafalloa ke ho hlaphoheloa kelellong e bakiloeng ke ketsahalo eo.

Ho kula ha kelello ho atile hakae?

Batho ba limilione tse 970 lefatšeng ka bophara ba na le lefu la kelello kapa la tšebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi. (Lefatše la Rōna ka Boitsebiso, 2018)
Matšoenyeho ke bokuli ba kelello bo atileng haholo lefatšeng, bo amang batho ba limilione tse 284. (Lefatše la Rōna ka Boitsebiso, 2018)
Lefatšeng ka bophara, bokuli ba kelello bo ama basali ba bangata (11.9%) ho feta banna (9.3%). (Lefatše la Rōna ka Boitsebiso, 2018)
Matšoenyeho a maholo, ho tšoenyeha, mathata a ts'ebeliso ea joala, schizophrenia, lefu la ho ferekana kelellong le dysthymia (khatello e sa feleng ea khatello ea maikutlo) li ile tsa nkuoa e le lisosa tse ka sehloohong tsa bokooa ho US (U.S. Burden of Disease Collaborators, 2013)
Sekhahla sa lefu la ba nang le mathata a kelello se phahame haholo ho feta batho ka kakaretso, ka tahlehelo ea bophelo bo bohareng ba lilemo tse 10.1. ( JAMA Phekolo ea kelello, 2015)
Ho hakanngoa hore mathata a kelello a bakoa ke lefu la 14.3% lefats'eng ka bophara, kapa lefu le ka bang limilione tse 8 selemo se seng le se seng. ( JAMA Phekolo ea kelello, 2015)

E amanang:

Lipalo-palo tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello lefatšeng ka bophara

Matšoenyeho a ama batho ba limilione tse 284 lefatšeng.
Ho tepella maikutlo ho ama batho ba limilione tse 264.
Bothata ba tšebeliso ea joala bo ama batho ba limilione tse 107.
Boloetse ba ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi bo ama batho ba limilione tse 71.
Bipolar disorder e ama batho ba limilione tse 46.
Schizophrenia e ama batho ba limilione tse 20.
Mathata a ho ja a ama batho ba limilione tse 16.

Lefats'e la Rona ka Boitsebiso, 2018

Lipalo-palo tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello U.S.

Ho feta kotara (26.3%) ea batho ba baholo ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 25 ba na le bokuli ba kelello ho 2018.
Hoo e ka bang 8% ea batho ba baholo ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho 25 ba na le bokuli bo tebileng ba kelello ka 2018.
Matšoenyeho a ho tšoenyeha a ama batho ba baholo ba limilione tse 40 naheng ea Amerika (18.1% ea baahi) a ba etsa mafu a kelello a atileng haholo. (Matšoenyeho le khatello ea maikutlo Mokhatlo oa Amerika)
Sekhahla sa batho ba lilemo li 18 ho isa ho tse 25 ba tlalehileng matšoao a tsamaellanang le khatello ea maikutlo e kholo se eketsehile 63% ho tloha 2009 ho 2017. (American Psychological Association, 2019)

(SAMHSA, 2018)

Kalafo ea kelello

Kalafo ea kelello e fapana hara mefuta ea mathata a kelello. Ba batlang kalafo ba lokela ho buisana le setsebi sa bongaka kapa sa bophelo bo botle ba kelello ho buisana ka mefuta ea kalafo le meriana e ba loketseng ka ho fetisisa.

Kalafo e ka ba theko e phahameng, 'me litšenyehelo tsa kalafo le meriana li nyolla likete tsa lidolara. U.S. e sebelisitse $ 187.8 limilione tse likete ka maemo a bophelo bo botle ba kelello le mathata a ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi ka 2013. Litsenyehelo tse likete tse mashome a supileng li sebelisitsoe kalafong ea khatello ea maikutlo feela.

Ho latela thuto e phatlalalitsoeng ke Lancet Psychiatry , Litsenyehelo tse felletseng tsa kalafo ea matšoenyeho le khatello ea maikutlo ho pholletsa le linaha tse 36 lefats'eng ka bophara li hakanyetsoa ho $ 147 billion ka 2030. Litsenyehelo tsena li tla hlahisa molemo oa letlooa, ho ipapisitsoe le ntlafatso e lekantsoeng le e itekanetseng ea 5% tlhahiso ea mosebetsi e hlahisang moruo oa $ 399 billion. phaello.

Na inshorense e koahela litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello?

Merero eohle ea inshorense ea bophelo bo botle 'marakeng e koahela bophelo bo botle ba kelello le ts'ebeliso e mpe ea lithethefatsi, ho latela bophelo bo botle.gov . Litšebeletso tsena li kenyelletsa kalafo ea kelello, tlhabollo, lits'ebeletso tsa bakuli le kalafo ea ts'ebeliso ea lithethefatsi. Ntle le moo, merero ea Mmaraka e ke ke ea u latola ho fana ka litaba tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello.

Ho feta moo, Phekolo ea meriana ke eena feela ea lefang lits'ebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello United States.

Mabapi le tšireletso ea Medicare, Medicare Part A e akaretsa lipetlele, ho kenyeletsoa ho amoheloa ka lebaka la mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello, mme Medicare B e akaretsa liketelo tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello. Mona ke lenane le felletseng la lits'ebeletso tse koahetsoeng .

HO ho ithuta e entsoeng ka 2006 e hakantsoe litefiso tse karolelano, litšenyehelo tsa ho fana ka tlhokomelo, le palo ea puseletso bakeng sa tlhokomelo ea bakuli ba bakuli ba kulang lipetleleng tse 418 tsa sechaba tsa U.S.

Karolelano ea litšenyehelo tsa ho isa kalafo ho ba nang le Medicare:

Kalafo ea Schizophrenia: $ 8,509 ka matsatsi a 11.1
Kalafo ea lefu la ho ferekana kelellong: $ 7,593 bakeng sa matsatsi a 9.4
Kalafo ea khatello ea maikutlo: $ 6,990 matsatsi a 8.4

Ka bomalimabe, ho ea ka phuputso ea 2006, bakuli ba sa ts'ireletsoang ba na le monyetla oa ho fumana tlhokomelo e tlase. Hlokomela hore nako ea kalafo bakeng sa bakuli ba sa ts'ireletsoang e khuts'oane ho feta kalafo bakeng sa inshorense.

Karolelano ea litšenyehelo tsa ho fana ka kalafo bakeng sa ba sa ts'ehetsoeng:

Kalafo ea Schizophrenia: $ 5,707 matsatsi a 7.4
Kalafo ea lefu la ho ferekana kelellong: $ 4,356 matsatsi a 5.5
Kalafo ea khatello ea maikutlo: $ 3,616 matsatsi a 4.4

(Litšebeletso tsa mafu a kelello, 2012)

Lipalo-palo tsa kalafo ea kelello

Phuputso ea Naha mabapi le Ts'ebeliso ea Lithethefatsi le Bophelo e hlalosa lits'ebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello e le ho amohela kalafo ea mokuli kapa kalafo ea kantle kapa tlhabollo kapa ho noa meriana ea ngaka bakeng sa mathata a bophelo ba kelello.

15% ea bacha ba Amerika (ba lilemo li 18 ho isa 25) ba fumane tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba kelello ka selemo se le seng. (SAMHSA, 2018)
Kotara ea baithuti ba koleche ba na le mathata a bophelo bo botle ba kelello joalo ka ho tšoenyeha, khatello ea maikutlo le ts'ebeliso ea joala. ( Litšebeletso tsa kelello , 2020)
Boholo (93%) ba baithuti ba tseba ka lits'ebeletso tsa khamphaseng tse amanang le bophelo bo botle ba kelello. (Mokhatlo oa American Psychological Association, 2018)
Ke 13% feela ea baithuti ba nang le bothata ba bophelo bo botle ba kelello ba sebelisang lisebelisoa tsa khamphaseng, joalo ka tlhabollo. (Mokhatlo oa American Psychological Association, 2018)
Ka tlase ho karolo ea boraro ea bacha ba basoeu ha ba fumane litšebeletso tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello, empa halofo ea bacha ba lilemong tse tlase ha ba fumane tlhokomelo e hlokahalang. (National Alliance to Advance Mental Health , 2007)
Bacha ba fetang halofo ba nkileng karolo tsamaisong ea toka ea bana ba fihlela bonyane bonyane lefu le le leng la kelello, empa ke 15% ea bona ba fumaneng kalafo. (Ofisi ea Toka ea Bacha le Thibelo ea Tlokotsi, 2017)

Litataiso tsa kalafo le kalafo

Haeba u fumanoe u e-na le e 'ngoe ea maemo a latelang a bophelo bo botle ba kelello, u ka sebelisa litataiso tsena ho utloisisa hamolemo likhetho tsa kalafo tseo u ka li fumanang le ho bapisa meriana eo u e fuoang hangata. Leha ho le joalo, ke eena feela ea ka khethang kalafo e ntle ho uena ke mofani oa tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba hau.

Ho tšoenyeha
Ho tepella maikutlo
Matšoenyeho a Obsessive-Compulsive (OCD)
Boloetse ba kelello
Khatello ea kelello e sithabetsang kelello (PTSD)
Bothata ba ho ferekana kelellong
Tlhokomelo ea khaello ea khatello ea kelello (ADHD)

Lisebelisoa tsa bophelo bo botle ba kelello

Haeba u na le matšoao a bokuli ba kelello le / kapa u na le menahano ea ho ipolaea, thuso e ea fumaneha. Sebelisa lihlopha tse latelang tsa tšehetso le lifeline ho fumana tlhokomelo eo u e hlokang.