Meriana e 8 e bakang ho patoa

Thuto ea Bophelo

Matšoao a ho patoa le lisosa | Meriana e bakang ho patoa | Mokhoa oa ho thibela ho patoa | Kalafo ea ho patoa

Ho sokela ke taba e tloaelehileng ea tšilo ea lijo. Ho potoloha 16% ea batho ba United States le karolo ea boraro ea ba ka holimo ho lilemo tse 60 ba tletleba ka ho sokela ho sa foleng. Pakeng tsa 2006 le 2011, ho sokela ho bile teng ho feta 700,000 ho etela kamoreng ea maemo a tšohanyetso.

Matšoao a ho patoa a kenyelletsa:

• Ka tlase ho makhetlo a mararo ka beke
• Litulo tse nyane, tse thata, tse ommeng tse thata kapa tse bohloko ho feta
• Tlhokahalo ea ho ikhathatsa ka mokhoa o fetelletseng ho tsamaisa mantle

Batho ba bang ba utloa bohloko ka mpeng ha ba petetsoa, ​​haholo kamora ho ja. Ba bang ba ka ba le ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho hlatsa, ho tšoaroa ke hlooho kapa ho ikutloa ba sa phele hantle ka kakaretso.

Ho na le tse ngata Lisosa tsa ho patoa , ho kenyelletsa:

• Lijo tse nang le fiber e fokolang haholo (haholo lijo tse nang le nama e ngata, lebese kapa chisi)
• Ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng
• Mokhoa oa ho phela ka bolulo
• Ho iphapanya kapa ho liehisa takatso ea ho ea pelekeng
• Maeto le kemiso ea liphetoho
• Ho sebelisa joala hampe
• Bohloko kapa ho se utloise bohloko ho potoloha anus
• Kankere e hlakileng
• Boimana
• Maemo a bongaka a kang lefu la mala a halefisang, diverticulosis, hypothyroidism, maemo a phahameng a calcium ea mali, multiple sclerosis, lefu la Parkinson le kotsi ea mokokotlo

Ho sokela ho ka ba le litlamorao tsa meriana eo u e sebelisang. Ho patoa ka lebaka la meriana ho atile haholo matsatsing ana, ho latela MONGOLI OA MOSEBETSI: Bryan Curtin, MD , motsamaisi oa neurogastroenterology le motility, Setsing sa Bongaka sa Mercy. Batho ba noa meriana e mengata ho feta leha e le neng pele, mme hobane meriana e mengata e na le boemo bo pharalletseng, ho fana ka lingaka ho tloaela ho se natse ho patoa e le phello e kholo ha ho bapisoa le e tebileng haholo. Ho tloaelehile hore batho ba noe meriana e ka bang mene kapa e mehlano e ka eketsang tšitiso, 'me sena ha se kenyeletse le li-opioid, tse ka bang bohloko bo fetisisang ho pampitšana ea GI.

Ho sokela ho ka utloisa bohloko, empa ho ka lebisa ho mathata joalo ka:

• Lithopha
• Ho tsoa mali ka sekhahla
• Ho phatloha ha anal
• Ho phatloha ka sekhahla
• Ts'ebetso ea mantle

Ngaka Curtin o re ha mekhoa ea ho itšireletsa, joalo ka liphetoho lijong, phepelo e eketsehileng ea metsi, le litlolo tse rekisoang li rekisoa, li lokela ho bonoa ke ngaka ea tlhokomelo ea mantlha kapa gastroenterologist. Sena ke 'nete, haholo-holo haeba ho patoa ho tsamaea le matšoao a mang a bohlokoa, a kang ho nyekeloa ke pelo, bohloko ba mpeng kapa ho theola boima ba' mele bo sa lebelloang.

Meriana e 8 e bakang ho patoa

1. Bohloko ba opioid bo kokobetsa
2. Lithethefatsi tse seng khahlanong le ho ruruha (li-NSAID)
3. Li-antihistamine
4. Tricyclic ho imeloa kelellong
5. Meriana ea ho itšireletsa mokhoeng oa ho ntša metsi
6. Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe
7. Meriana ea khatello ea mali
8. Meriana e thibelang ho nyekeloa ke pelo

1. Mahlaba a opioid a kokobetsa

E boetse e bitsoa lithethefatsi, li-opioid li phekola bohloko bo matla le bo sa ntlafalang ka meriana e meng e bohloko ea bohloko. Li sebetsa hantle ho imolleng bohloko, empa e ka ba mokhoa oa ho itloaetsa 'me tsa ba le tlhekefetso e phahameng. Leha ho le joalo, o lokela ho sebelisa li-opioid feela tlasa tlhokomelo e tobileng ea setsebi sa bophelo bo botle. Ho kokobetsa bohloko ba opioid hangata ho kenyelletsa:

• Tylenol e nang le codeine (acetaminophen-codeine)
• Duragesic (fentanyl transdermal)
• Lorcet, Vicodin, Norco (hydrocodone)
• Dilaudid (hydromorphone)
• Demerol (meperidine)
• Morphine
• Oxycontin (oxycodone)
• Percocet (oxycodone-acetaminophen)
• Ultram (tramadol)

Bakuli ba bangata ba li-opioid bakeng sa boiphihlelo bo sa foleng ba bohloko ho patoa ho bakoang ke opioid (OIC.) E nkuoa e le bothata bo hlahelletseng ka ho fetisisa ba tšilo ea lijo ebile ke e 'ngoe ea litla-morao tse atileng tsa li-opioid. E ka ba e holofatsang mme ke lona lebaka le tloaelehileng la hore batho ba emise ho noa meriana, ho latela Tlaleho e phatlalalitsoeng ka 2019 . Nahana ka ho botsa ngaka ea hau hore na u ka qala laxative ka nako e ts'oanang le opioid.

2. Li-NSAID

Li-NSAID ke meriana e behiloeng ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa ho phekola maemo a kang ramatiki, ho latela American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons . Li boetse li sebelisetsoa ho fokotsa feberu, ho ruruha le bohloko bo bonolo ho isa ho bo itekanetseng. Sehlopha sena sa meriana se kenyelletsa:

• Aspirine
• Motrin, Advil (ibuprofen)
• Aleve, Naprosyn (naproxen)
• Selebrex (celecoxib)

3. Li-antihistamine

Li-antihistamine li fokotsa matšoao a ho kula. Ha o na le alejiki ho ho hong, 'mele oa hau o ntša li-histamine tse bakang pherekano, nko e lutlang, ho thimola, ho hlohlona, ​​ho ruruha ha masapo a nko, mahare, makhopho a letlalo, kapa mahlo a hlohlonang le a fofonelang. Li-antihistamine tse tloaelehileng ho feta li-counter (OTC) li kenyelletsa:

• Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine)
• Unisom (diphenhydramine kapa doxylamine)
• Phomolo ea Vick QlearQuil Nighttime Allergy (diphenhydramine)
• Claritin (loratadine)
• Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
• Allegra (fexofenadine)
• Zyrtec (cetirizine)
• Xyzal (levocetirizine)

4. Tricyclic lithibela-mafu

Li-anti-depressing tsa Tricyclic ke sehlopha sa meriana e sebelisetsoang ho sebetsana le khatello ea maikutlo. Li sebetsa ka ho eketsa maemo a norepinephrine le serotonin le ho thibela ts'ebetso ea acetylcholine. Ka ho leka-lekanya li-neurotransmitters tsena tse tharo, lithibela-mafu tsa tricyclic li fokotsa khatello ea maikutlo. Ho na le meriana e mecha ea khatello ea maikutlo e nang le litla-morao tse fokolang; leha ho le joalo, lithibela-mafu tsena tsa tricyclic li sebetsa hantle ho batho ba bang. Mefuta e meng e tloaelehileng e kenyelletsa:

• Tofranil (imipramine)
• Vivactil (protriptyline)
• Elavil (likeletso)
• Pamelor (nortriptyline)

5. Meriana ea ho itšireletsa mosing

Meriana ea ho itšireletsa mafung e phekola senya e feteletseng le maemo a mang a ka bakang ho tsoa ha senya kapa ho ntša metsi khafetsa. Boemo bona bo atile haholo ho basali ho feta banna; leha ho le joalo, e ka etsahala le ho banna. Ke e 'ngoe ea maemo a tloaelehileng haholo a bonoang ts'ebetsong ea tlhokomelo ea mantlha, ho latela American Academy of Lingaka tsa Lelapa .

Meriana ena e sebetsa ka ho fokotsa masapo a senya kapa ho phomotsa mesifa ea lebota, e e lumellang ho tšoara moroto o mongata le ho tsoa ka botlalo. E meng ea meriana e laetsoeng khafetsa ea ho ntša metsi ka mokokotlo e kenyelletsa:

• Ditropan, Ditropan XL (oxybutynin)
• Detrol, Detrol LA (tolterodine)
• Enablex (darifenacin)
• Myrbetriq (mirabegron)
• Flomax (tamsulosin)

6. Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe

Lisebelisoa tsa tšepe li phekola khaello ea mali le khaello ea tšepe. Li fumaneha khaontareng. Mefuta e sebelisoang khafetsa ea tšepe li-supplement e kenyelletsa:

• FeroSul (ferrous sulfate)
• Ferate (ferrous gluconate)
• Ferric citrate
• Ferric sulfate

7. Meriana ea khatello ea mali

Ho na le mefuta e 'meli ea meriana ea khatello ea mali e bakang ho patoa: calcium channel blockers le beta blockers. Li-calcium channel blockers li sebetsa ka ho sarolla methapo, e fokotsang boiteko boo pelo ea hau e tlamehang ho ikitlaetsa ho pompa mali. Beta blockers ba sebetsa ka ho fokotsa lebelo la pelo ea hau, ho theola khatello ea mali.

Li-block block tsa calcium li kenyelletsa:

• Norvasc (amlodipine)
• Khabiso (felodipine)
• Cardene (nicardipine)
• CC ea Adalat, Procardia XL (nifedipine)
• Cardizem, Tiazac, Tlama-XR (diltiazem)

Li-beta blockers tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa:

• Lopressor, Toprol XL (metoprolol)
• Tenormin (atenolol)
• Corgard (nadolol)
• Inderal (propranolol)

8. Meriana e thibelang ho nyekeloa ke pelo

Hape e bitsoang anti-emetics, meriana e thibelang ho nyekeloa ke pelo e thibela litsela tse fapaneng 'meleng oa hau tse bakang ho nyekeloa le pelo le ho hlatsa. Tsena li kenyelletsa:

• Bahanyetsi ba Serotonin (5-HT3)
• Bahanyetsi ba NK-1
• Bahanyetsi ba dopamine
• Li-cannabinoids

Meriana e tloaelehileng e sebelisoang ho phekola ho nyekeloa ke pelo e kenyelletsa:

• Zofran (ondansetron)
• Reglan (metoclopramide)
• Etsa (aprepitant, fosaprepitant)
• Tigan (trimethobenzamide)
• Marinol (dronabinol)
• Syndros (dronabinol)

Fumana karete ea theolelo ea SingleCare

Mokhoa oa ho thibela ho sokela ho bakoang ke moriana

Ha se motho e mong le e mong ea tla qobelloa ha a sebelisa meriana ena. Leha ho le joalo, o lokela ho tseba litla-morao tse ka bang teng le seo o ka se etsang ho thibela ho patoa.

Ka kakaretso, u batla ho etsa bonnete ba hore u nosetsoa hantle ka metsi, eseng kofi kapa lino tse nang le khabone, ho bolela Dr. Curtin. U boetse u batla ho ba le palo e phetseng hantle ea fiber lijong tsa hau 'me u leke ho lekanyetsa lijo tse ntlafalitsoeng. Ho bohlokoa ho botsa ngaka ea hau hore na ho na le baemeli ba bang. Li-calcium channel blockers, tse sebelisetsoang khatello e phahameng ea mali, joalo ka diltiazem, ka mohlala, li tsebahala ka ho baka ho sokela. Haeba ho na le sehlopha se seng sa meriana se ka alafang bothata ba bophelo bo botle, bonyane o lokela ho fuoa khetho.

Ka lehlohonolo, ho na le mekhoa e meng e bonolo e seng ea meriana e thibelang ho patoa.

Ja lijo tse nang le fiber e ngata

Kenyelletsa lijo tse nang le fiber e ngata lijong tsa hau, joalo ka:

• Meroho : Lentile, linaoa tsa liphio, lierekisi tse arohaneng, li-chickpea, linaoa tse ntšo, linaoa tsa lima
• Meroho : Lihoete, li-beet, broccoli, artichokes, limela tsa Brussels, khale, spinach, tamati, litapole
• Litholoana : Liapole, prunes, lipere, fragole, avocado, tse tala, libanana
• Lithollo : Quinoa, oats, popcorn, lithollo tse ling tse felletseng
• Linate le lipeo : Lialmonde, peo ea chia, coconut, pistachios, walnuts, peo ea soneblomo, peo ea mokopu
• D chokolete ea areka : Kakaretso ea cocoa ea 70% ho ea ho 95% kapa ho feta

Haeba lijo tsa hau li se na fiber, u ka bua le ngaka ea hau ka ho eketsa tlatsetso ea fiber.

Noa maro a mangata

Metsi a bapala karolo e kholo ho boloka mmele oa hau o phetse hantle. Ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho boloka mantle a ntse a phalla ka maleng. Le ha batho ba bangata ba utloile hore o lokela ho noa likhalase tsa metsi tse tšeletseng ho isa ho tse robeli ka letsatsi, ho kanna ha hlokahala hore o se ke oa li noa haholo. Likotlolo tse 'ne ho isa ho tse tšeletseng tsa metsi ka letsatsi li lekana batho ba phetseng hantle, ho latela Bophelo ba Harvard .

Meriana e meng e etsa hore u boloke metsi, 'me maemo a mang a bophelo a hloka hore u lekanyetse phepelo ea hau ea mokelikeli. Haeba u noa meriana e bakang ho patoa, u lokela ho bua le ngaka ea hau ka hore na u noa metsi a makae.

Ikoetlise khafetsa

Ho ikoetlisa ho ka fokotsa nako ea ha lijo li feta ka maleng a maholo. Ka mohlala, boikoetliso ba ho ikoetlisa bo potlakisa ho hema le ho otla ha pelo, e leng ho etsang hore mesifa ea mala e fokotsehe ka tsela ea tlhaho, e ntše litulo kapele ka maleng.

Mamela 'mele oa hau

'Mele oa hau ka tlhaho oa u joetsa hore na ke nako efe ea ho ba le mantle. Batho ba bang ba leka ho e ts'oara ho fihlela ba le hae kapa ba le ka kamoreng ea ho hlapela ba le bang. Ho hlokomoloha tšusumetso ho ka baka tšitiso, ho latela Setsi sa Naha sa Botsofali .

Theha mekhoa e tloahelehileng ea mala

Ho koetlisa mala ke tsela e 'ngoe ea ho theha tloaelo. Nako e ntle ea ho tsamaisa mala ke metsotso e 20 ho isa ho e 40 kamora ho ja. Leka ho ba le mantle letsatsi le leng le le leng ka nako e le 'ngoe. Tsoseletso ea dijithale e ka thusa. Sebelisa mokhoa ona letsatsi le letsatsi ho fihlela u theha tloaelo.

Nka nka eng bakeng sa ho sokela?

Ntle le phetoho ea bophelo, ho na le litlatsetso tsa litlhare le litlhare tse tlatsetsoang ke ngaka ho kokobetsa mala. Joalo ka meriana efe kapa efe, ho bohlokoa ho batla boeletsi ba bongaka ho ngaka kapa setsebi sa metsoako pele u sebelisa litlhare. Kamehla bala tataiso ea meriana pele u sebelisa sehlahisoa se latelang. Le ha ho na le litlhare tse bakang ho sokela, tse ling li ka baka mathata a mang a tšilo ea lijo, joalo ka ho ferekana ka mpeng, ho hlatsa le letshollo. Ikopanye le ngaka ea hau haeba u tšoaroa ke lets'ollo, hobane e ka ba sesupo sa ts'oaetso ea mantle.

Li-laxatives tse rekisoang

Li-laxatives tse thehiloeng ke fiber , eo hape e bitsoang baqapi ba bongata, eketsa metsi ka litulo tsa hau ho li nolofatsa. Li-laxatives tse tloaelehileng tse thehiloeng ho fiber li kenyelletsa:

• FiberCon (calcium polycarbophil)
• Citrucel (methylcellulose fiber)
• Metamucil, Konsyl (psyllium)
• Molebeli (dextrin ea koro)

Lisebelisoa tsa setuloana , hape e bitsoang li-laxative tse emollient, eketsa mongobo litulong tsa hau ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho li fetisa. Li-softeners tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa:

• Colace, Dulcolax setuloana softener (docusate sodium)

Meriana e hlasimollang sebetsa ka ho hlasimolla methapo ea kutlo tšilong ea lijo, e baka mesifa e ka maleng a hao a maholo ho honyela, ho sutumetsa setuloana sa hao. Li-laxative tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa:

• Correctol, Ducodyl, Dulcolax (bisacodyl)
• Ex-Lax, Senokot (sennosides)

Li-laxatives tsa Osmotic hula metsi ho tsoa liseleng tse o potileng ka har'a tšilo ea hau ea lijo e le ho nolofalletsa setuloana ho feta ka maleng. Li-laxative tse sebelisoang hangata li kenyelletsa:

• Lebese la Magnesia (magnesium hydroxide)
• Miralax (polyethylene glycol 3350)

Meriana ea ngaka ea ho patoa

Bakeng sa batho ba bangata, ho etsa liphetoho tseleng eo ba phelang ka eona le ho sebelisa litlhare tse rekisoang ho tla thusa ho imolla lesokolla. Litloaelo tsa motho ka mong li fapane le ha ho le joalo. Mohlala, mokuli a le mong a ka tloaela ho ba le mala a le mang kapa a mabeli ka letsatsi athe mokuli e mong a ka tloaela ho ntša mala hang ka matsatsi a mang le a mang. Lingaka ka tloaelo hlalosa ho patoa ka makhetlo a mararo kapa a fokolang ka beke. Tabeng ea ho patoa kapa ho sokela ho sa foleng, bafani ba tlhokomelo ea bophelo ba ka fana ka e 'ngoe ea litlhare tse latelang tsa ngaka.

• Cephulac, Kristalose (lactulose)
• Linzess (linaclotide)
• Trulance (plecanatide)
• Boikokobetso (prucalopride)

Lithethefatsi tsa ngaka bakeng sa ho patoa ho bakoang ke opioid li kenyelletsa:

• Movantik (naloxegol)
• Sesebelisoa (methylnaltrexone)
• Li-amitiza (lubiprostone)
• Symproic (naldemedine)